European governments have taken varying positions on the parameters of any potential Ukraine-Russia ceasefire. The variance matters because European security guarantees — not American ones — are the most plausible mechanism for making any ceasefire durable. The United States can provide political and military support; it cannot provide the territorial presence and treaty commitments that would make Russian military adventurism genuinely costly after a settlement.
The debate within Europe about what security guarantees are credible, and what territorial arrangements are acceptable, is therefore not peripheral to the ceasefire process. It is central to it. A ceasefire without viable European security guarantees is a pause, not a settlement.
Analysis based on public reporting. Global Watch Japan.

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